What is a key component of Italian cuisine that is made from flour?

Pasta is a fundamental element of Italian cuisine that is primarily made from flour, specifically semolina or all-purpose flour mixed with water and sometimes eggs. It comes in various forms and shapes, such as spaghetti, fettuccine, and lasagna, each offering distinct textures and uses in dishes. The preparation of pasta is a vital skill in Italian cooking, as it serves as a base for a multitude of sauces and ingredients, making it a cornerstone of the cuisine.

While the other options like onion, garlic, and rice do contribute to Italian dishes, they are not primarily made from flour. Onion and garlic are flavorful aromatics that enhance many sauces and profiles in cooking but are not staples in themselves. Rice, while utilized in Italian dishes such as risotto, is a grain distinct from flour-based components. Thus, pasta stands out as the correct answer, as it embodies the essence of flour in Italian culinary traditions.